Arts and Culture of India Part–I

Notes on Arts and Culture of India

Classical Dances

In this chapter we will learn about ‘Arts and Culture of India‘ this chapter will give you details of Classical and Folk Dances, Music Instrument, famous personality related with this field which is helpful for upcoming Railway NTPC , Group-D, SSC and State PSC Exams.

Classical Dance of India

The first mention of Dances found from the Bharat muni‘s works ‘Natya Shastra’. According to Historian the work was compiled between 200 BC to 2nd century AD.
At present Sangeet Natka Academy Of india recognizes 8 Classical Dances Bharatnatyam, Kuchipudi, Kathakali, Mohiniattam, Odissi, Manipuri, Kathk and Sattriya.

Details About Classical Dance Form :-

    Dance Form
    Origin
    Characteristics
    Famous performer
    1
    Bharatnatyam
    Tamil Nadu
    Oldest classical dance form. Dance is performed by temple dancer or devadasi. It symbolizes Fire element.
    Bala Saraswati, C. V. Chandrasekhar, Leela Samson, Mrinalini Sarabhai, Padma
    Subramanyam, Rukmini Devi, Sanyukta Panigrahi, Sonal Mansingh, Yamini
    Krishnamurti
    2
    Kuchipudi
    Andhra Pradesh
    Kuchipudi recitals are based on the stories of Bhagavata purana.
    It symbolizes Earth element.
    Josyula Seetharamaiah, Vempathi Chinna Sthyam
    3
    Kathakali
    Kerala
    It shows the conflict between good and evil.
    It symbolizes Sky or Ether element.
    Mrinalini sarabhai, Guru Shankaran, Namboodripad, Thottam Sankaran, Kutti Nayyar, Shankar Kurup, KC Pannikar, TT Ram Kulti
    4
    Mohiniattam
    Kerala
    Narrates the story of faminine dance of lord vishnu.
    It symbolizes Air element.
    Protima Devi, Sanyukta panigrahi, Sonal mansingh, Pankaj Charan Das
    5
    Odissi
    Odisha
    The lyrics of Geet Govind written by Jayadeva is used. Symbolizes Water element
    Debaprasad Das, Dhirendra Nath Pattnaik, Indrani Rahman, Kelucharan Mahapatra, Priyambada Mohanty, Sonal Mansingh
    6
    Manipuri
    Manipur
    Ras Leela is the recurring theme of the dance.
    Guru Bipin Sinha, Jhaveri Sisters, Nirmala Mehta, Savita Mehta
    7
    Kathak
    Uttar Pradesh
    Accompanied with Dhrupad music
    Bharti Gupta, Birju Maharaj, Damayanti Joshi, Durga Das, Gopi Krishna, Kumudini
    Lakhia, Sambhu Maharaj, Sitara Devi
    8
    Sattriya
    Assam
    Origin Natya Shastra of Sage Bharat muni.
    It is inspired from Bhakti movement.
    Anwesa Mahanta

    States and their Folk Dances in India :-

      STATE
      FOLK Dance
      STATE
      FOLK Dance
      Andhra Pradesh
      Kuchipudi, Kollatam
      Uttarakhand
      Garhwali, Kumayuni, Kajari
      Arunachal Pradesh
      Bardo chham, Mukhota
      Assam
      Bihu, Kaligopal, Jhumar Nach
      Bihar
      Jata-Jatin, Panwariya
      Gujrat
      Garba, Raas, Tippani Dance
      Jharkhand
      Karma/Munda
      Sikkim
      Singhi Chham
      Uttar pradesh
      Nautanki, Raslila, Kajri, Jhora
      Rajasthan
      Ghoomar, Kalbelia, Bhavai, Kachchhi Ghodi.
      Punjab
      Bhangra, Giddh , Jhumar, Karthi, Ludi
      West Bengal
      Gambhira, Nacni, Alkap, Domni, Chow
      Karnataka
      Yakshagana, Kunitha, Bayalata
      Kerala
      Mohiniyattam, Ottam thulal
      Madhya Pradesh
      Jawara, Maanch, Grida, Tertali, Phulpati Dance, Matki Dance
      Chattisgarh
      Panthi, Raut Nacha, Gaur Maria, Dekhni Dance
      Haryana
      Saang, Ras Leela, Ghoomar, Jhumar, Teej, Phag ,Dhamal
      Maharashtra
      Lavni, Tamasha ,Dangi ,Pavri Nach ,Povadas ,Koli ,Dindi
      Odisha
      Ghumura Dance, Ruk Mar Nacha, Chhau dance, Odissi, Baagh or Tiger Naach
      Goa
      Koli, Dhalo, Ghodemodni, Romta Mel, Divlyan Nac
      J & K
      Rauf, Hikat, Mandjas, Kud Dandi Nach
      Manipur
      Dol Cholam, Thang Ta, Lai Haraoiba
      Tamil Nadu
      Kolattam, Kamandi, Pandigai, Devarattam, Karakattam
      Himachal Pradesh
      Dhaman, Jhora, Jhali, Chharhi
      Nagaland
      Rangma, Bamboo Dance
      Mizoram
      Cheraw Dance, Khuallam, Chailam
      Tripura 
      Hojagiri
      Meghalaya
      Laho, Nongkrem

      Type of Musical Instruments:-

      STRING INSTRUMENTS
      WIND INSTRUMENTS
      PERCUSSION INSTRUMENTS
      Flute
      Sitar
      Tabla
      Shehnai
      Sarod
      Drum
      Harmonica
      Guitar
      Dholak
      Trumpet
      Violin
      Bells
      Piano
      Veena
      Mridangam
      Bagpipe
      Banjo
      Xylophone

      Musical Instruments and Instrumentalists:-

      Instrument
      Instrumentalists
      Tabla
      Zakir Hussain, Alla Rakha Khan, Kishna Mahraj, Nikhil Ghosh, Pandit Samta Prasad, Latif khan
      Flute
      Hari Prasad Chaurasia, Pannalal Ghosh, TR Mahalingam, N Ramani
      Shehnai
      Bismillah Khan
      Mridangam
      Palghat Mani Iyer, Karaikudi R Mani, Palghat Raghu
      Sarod
      Buddhadev Dasgupta, Ali Akbar Khan, Amjad Ali Khan
      Saarangi
      Ustad Binda Khan
      Sitar
      Ravi Shankar, Hara Shankar Bhattacharya, Nikil Banerjee
      Violin
      MS Gopal Krishnan, TN Krishnan, Baluswamay, Gajanan Rao Joshi
      Veena
      Doraiswamy Iyengar, Chittibabu, Emani Sankara Shastri
      These are the Important Tables for memorizing Classical and Folk Dances of India, Musical Instruments and their famous player. This post is created according to the syllabus of RRB NTPC Exam but it will very helpful for Other Railway, SSC and Comptative Exams also. So these are the common points that discuss in the first part of our post ‘Arts and Culture of India part -1’ rest we will read in our next post ‘ Arts and Culture of India Part-2’. 
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